激光的種類
多種激光用于PLDD，主要使用的激光有：①Er:YAG激光，波長：2940nm。②CO2激光，10600nm。③Nd:YAG激光，波長：1064或1318nm。④Argon激光，波長488nm或514nm。⑤Ho：YAG激光，波長：2180nm。⑥準分子激光波長193nm。⑦KTP激光，532nm〔1〕。激光的選擇依賴于光纖的傳光能力：組織吸收/切除；熱量的產(chǎn)生和傳播。激光的特性特別重要，因為椎間盤無血管，是緊密組織并接近脊髓和神經(jīng)組織〔4〕。在目前的實驗研究中，由于使用條件不一樣，各個激光系統(tǒng)汽化率不一樣，其中Choy〔1，2〕對此作了較為詳細的研究。他比較了多種不同激光波長對人尸椎間盤標本的汽化率，測得CO2，Er:YAG,Nd:YAG,Ho:YAG及Excimer的汽化率分別為0.23，0.20，0.16，0.13及0.08mg/J。雖然CO2和Er:YAG兩種不同波長的激光對椎間盤汽化效應最好，但目前無相應的傳播光纖，使其應用受到限制。Choy主張使用Nd:YAG進行PLDD為佳。新近使用的半導體激光(波長805nm)，不但具有良好的汽化切割、凝固功能，而且其透射深度僅1mm，對周圍組織損傷甚微，從而使PLDD更加完美，幾乎無并發(fā)癥發(fā)生〔4，5〕。半導體激光優(yōu)于CO2，Nd:YAG，KTP等激光?！?/p>
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